World Migratory Bird Day highlights the need for global cooperation

Every year, millions of birds embark on long, perilous journeys across the globe. These migratory birds traverse vast distances between their breeding grounds in temperate climates and their winter homes in the tropical regions. The need to protect them is greater than ever, as their migratory routes are increasingly threatened by climate change, urban sprawl, and unsustainable land use. Global initiatives like World Migratory Bird Day (WMBD), which will be observed on Saturday, May 10, remind us that safeguarding migratory birds requires international cooperation, local action, and shared responsibility.

A global effort

Organizations such as the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), the African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbird Agreement (AEWA), Environment for the Americas (EFTA), and the East Asian-Australasian Flyway Partnership (EAAFP) lead the charge to protect these incredible travelers. These international partnerships work across borders to ensure that migratory birds have safe passage, proper habitats, and adequate food sources. Their efforts include scientific research, public education, and policies aimed at reversing the damage caused by human development.

These groups remind us that migratory birds do not recognize political borders. Their survival depends on the protection of critical habitats in every country they visit, from wetlands to forests. Local efforts are essential in this global fight, as even small disruptions in their journey can have lasting impacts.

Austria’s Alpine Bird Stopover

A perfect example of how local issues mirror global challenges can be found at Lake Zeller in Austria. Nestled near the Alps, this picturesque wetland is a vital stopover for thousands of migratory birds. Waders like sandpipers, dunlins, and knots, as well as rarer species like the Eider Duck and Red-necked Grebe, rest here during their long migrations.

However, even this peaceful spot faces threats. Human activities such as draining surrounding meadows, artificial changes to water levels, and disturbances from tourism and pets have disrupted the delicate balance of this ecosystem. What were once rich feeding grounds are now permanently flooded, leaving birds to struggle to find food. This local impact serves as a microcosm of the broader issues migratory birds face worldwide.

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Everyone has a role to play

As we look ahead to the 2025 theme of World Migratory Bird Day, the message is clear: everyone can contribute to protecting migratory birds. It’s not just about architects and policymakers—it’s about each of us. Homeowners can plant native trees, avoid pesticides, and create bird-friendly spaces in their gardens. Schools can install bird feeders, organize birdwatching events, and teach students about the importance of birds. Cities can implement bird-friendly glass and support dark-sky initiatives to reduce nighttime disorientation during migration.

The theme emphasizes that “every community—whether in sprawling urban centers or quiet rural towns—can be part of the solution.” Small changes at the local level can have a big impact on the survival of migratory birds.

Bird migration is one of nature’s most awe-inspiring phenomena. The sight of birds flying in V-shaped formations across the sky is a reminder of the interconnectedness of all life on Earth. Yet, as we build our homes and shape our cities, we must ask ourselves: are we making space for nature, or are we pushing it out?

World Migratory Bird Day challenges us to see our cities not just as human spaces but as shared habitats for wildlife. By doing so, we not only help birds thrive but also foster biodiversity, cleaner air, and a deeper connection to the natural world around us.

The impact of climate change on long-distance migrants

Long-distance migratory birds, such as those that fly from Central Europe to Africa, face particular challenges due to climate change. Gabor Wichmann, director of BirdLife Austria, points out that many of these birds are struggling to adapt to shifting climates. For example, the timing of insect availability has shifted, making it harder for birds to find food when they arrive to raise their young. Insects are now available earlier, but birds often arrive too late to capitalize on this resource.

This mismatch between bird migration patterns and the changing climate is becoming a significant threat to the survival of many species. Birds like the Swallow and the Garden Warbler, which rely on abundant insect populations for feeding their young, face increasingly challenging conditions as climate patterns shift unpredictably.

A local success of global initiative: The City Nature Challenge

A recent event in Austria—the City Nature Challenge as a part of the ALFAwetlands project—provided a unique opportunity for bird enthusiasts to engage with nature. From April 25 to 28, 2025, people gathered around Neusiedl Lake to observe birds and document their sightings, while contributing to the birds regular monitoring. Observations were uploaded to the iNaturalist platform, contributing to a global database that helps track bird populations and migratory patterns. This citizen science initiative showcases how local efforts can contribute to a broader understanding of migration and species protection.

Conclusion

Migratory birds are not only a vital part of our ecosystem, but they also serve as an indicator of the health of our planet. Their long journeys remind us of the need for cooperation—across borders and between individuals. From protecting critical stopover habitats to making small changes in our communities, we all have a role to play in safeguarding these remarkable creatures.

As we move forward, let’s keep in mind the shared responsibility we have to protect migratory birds. After all, a healthier planet for birds is a healthier planet for us all.