The natural evolution of Wild Lake’s wetlands

Nestled deep within the heart of Ukraine’s Carpathian Mountains lies a tranquil and enigmatic body of water known as Wild Lake, or Ozirtse. Located in the Synevyr National Nature Park in the Transcarpathian region, this high-altitude lake has remained a relatively hidden treasure for many years, overshadowed by the fame of its larger counterpart, Lake Synevyr. However, Wild Lake’s growing reputation is well-deserved, and with its untouched beauty and unique ecosystem, it’s fast becoming one of Ukraine’s most intriguing natural landmarks.

A journey into the wilderness

At an elevation of approximately 1,000 meters above sea level, Wild Lake is situated within a dense, beech-spruce forest that makes it seem as though time itself has slowed down. The lake spans just over one hectare, with a maximum depth of 10 meters. It is considered a high-altitude, hanging lake and remains an isolated haven for those seeking peace and solitude far from the hustle of city life. Unlike other more accessible lakes in the region, reaching Wild Lake requires a hike of about 3.5 kilometers from the nearest road, which adds to the allure of this unspoiled gem.

For those who venture to the lake, there are two simple huts near the water’s edge. These huts provide shelter to weary hikers and serve as refuges in the event of a rainstorm.

The natural evolution of Wild Lake

One of the most fascinating features of Wild Lake is its ongoing natural transformation. Over the years, the lake has gradually become a wetland, a process that is most evident at the periphery of the water body. The center, however, remains more liquid, although it, too, is slowly becoming more swamp-like. This process, known as eutrophication, occurs naturally over time, and Wild Lake offers a rare and valuable example of the transformation from lake to mountain bog.

What makes Wild Lake truly unique in the Carpathian region is the two-sided overgrowth that is occurring in the water. On one side, the lake’s water has reached an oligotrophic stage, characterized by lower levels of nutrients and clear, pristine water. On the other, the more fertile mesotrophic zone is covered with a variety of plant species, contributing to the lake’s diverse ecosystem.

The lake’s water surface is often dotted with clusters of aquatic plants, such as Potamogeton natans and P. nodosus. In certain years, up to 60% of the lake’s surface can be covered with these floating plants. The edges of the lake are home to a range of wetland plants like Warnstorfia fluvitans, Carex rostrata, and Menyanthes trifoliata, which add to the lake’s lush, vibrant landscape.

Please also read: Lakes of Ukraine

The partially submerged spruce of Wild Lake

The spruce trunk, which has been partially submerged on one of the shores of Wild Lake (Ozirtse) for many years, is one of the characteristic features of this lake. This tree creates a unique atmosphere and is part of the natural landscape, attracting both tourists and nature enthusiasts. The spruce, partially underwater, has over time become an integral part of the lake’s ecosystem, giving it a distinct appearance.

Such wood becomes a habitat for various aquatic organisms and is also an important part of the local flora and fauna. However, like any natural element, the spruce trunk undergoes changes influenced by time and the surrounding environment. The lack of specific research indicating changes in the condition of this tree raises questions about its long-term existence. It is important to note that partially submerged trees, which remain largely unchanged, can serve as a natural indicator of the lake’s ecosystem stability.

A sanctuary for rare flora and fauna

One of the most remarkable aspects of Wild Lake is its rich biodiversity. The lake is home to a number of rare and endemic species that thrive in this unique environment. The area surrounding the lake is particularly notable for the presence of Potentilla palustris, a rare endemic plant that can only be found in the hydrophytic habitats of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Its presence highlights the ecological significance of Wild Lake as a sanctuary for rare species.

Occasionally, small fish such as the gudgeon can be spotted in the muddy, algae-covered waters of the lake, providing a glimpse into the fragile food chain that exists here. The lake’s ecosystem, while constantly shifting and evolving, offers a rare opportunity to observe a dynamic natural process in real-time.

The reference highlight of the Wild Lake is considered to be a giant spruce trunk that has been lying half-submerged on one of the shores for years.

Living laboratory for high-altitude wetland evolution

Recognizing the ecological value of Wild Lake, the Synevyr National Nature Park established it as a hydrological reserve of local importance in 1983. This status has helped protect the lake’s fragile ecosystem, ensuring that future generations will be able to witness the slow transformation of the lake and its surrounding wetlands.

Wild Lake serves as an essential reference point for scientists studying the processes of lake-to-swamp transformations in high-altitude environments. Its unique position within the park offers a valuable opportunity to understand how mountain wetlands evolve and how human intervention might impact such delicate ecosystems.

Conclusion

Wild Lake Synevyr is a testament to the enduring power of nature and the beauty that lies in untouched, remote areas. Though it remains less known compared to other natural wonders in Ukraine, its ecological significance and natural beauty are undeniable. As more people discover its wonders, it is crucial to approach this pristine area with respect and care, ensuring that its delicate ecosystem continues to thrive for years to come.

For those willing to venture off the beaten path, Wild Lake Synevyr offers a rare glimpse into the heart of the Carpathians — a serene, untouched paradise that is slowly evolving before our eyes.

Synevyr National Nature Park, where the Wild Lake is located, is partner of the European Wilderness Network – an alliance dedicated to preserving Europe’s last remaining wilderness areas.